2019 Outlook and Utility & Communications Construction Update
The utility transmission and distribution and communication industry had a strong 2018 but with more mixed results than we anticipated this time last year. Investor-owned utilities remain in a multiyear investment cycle driven by the need to repair, replace and upgrade the transmission and distribution infrastructure across the United States.
The aging investor-owned utility construction and repair workforce has increased the revenue of utility contractors who are now the primary service providers. However, the construction of fiber networks to meet the growing demand for broadband service has lagged in some parts of the country as engineering limited construction expectations. Additionally, the infrastructure investment expected from Congress did not materialize. We enter 2019 with both high expectations and new challenges to similar growth.
Outsourced utility related construction is anticipated to nationally be an opportunity of approximately $60 billion in 2019. It is anticipated to grow at a combined compound annual growth rate of 3.6% into 2021 and reach nearly $66.2 billion. Of the total opportunity, approximately 60% of the market is composed of maintenance and repair related work which is expected to grow at a lower rate of 3.3% CAGR.
New construction related opportunity, while a smaller opportunity, is expected to have more significant growth at 4.0% CAGR. One of the most significant drivers of opportunity in the utility construction market is a shift towards a greater amount of outsourcing of services to third-party contractors. Utility providers are doing this to a greater extent because their internal staffing resources have declined in the last decade and have not been replaced. This has been seen the most in electric utilities.
As the underground construction industry has continued to grow, limitations and risk factors are present that could impact sector performance. The most significant is the demand for labor to complete the work opportunities that exist. Multiple initiatives are ongoing across the industry to recruit and develop the workforce and individual companies have expanded their own internal training plans.
However, training and development of people takes time and could impact industry growth. Rising interest rates at the Federal Reserve will have an impact on the volume of construction. Investor-owned utilities and LDC’s have been able to borrow money at very low rates to implement their investment plans; however, as borrowing costs rise, we would anticipate the burden on the rate payer to increase.
Power Distribution
Aggressive power distribution contractors faired well in 2018 and with the rise of distribution spending and they should have similar results in 2019. Overhead to underground initiatives have been a great opportunity for contractors in the Southeast and the recent fires in California related to down power lines may create change in California and other parts of the country. The assets and technology that represent the backbone of our electric infrastructure were put in place in the 1950s and are near the end of their life cycle.
An estimated 45% of electric distribution assets either currently need or will soon need replacement due to reliability concerns. In addition to required power line infrastructure, significant investment will be made in complementary infrastructure. For example, utility scale power storage is expected to grow rapidly as distributed generation becomes more common. In addition, aggregated distributed generation groups are working with utility commissions to sell excess power back into the broader network. Electric vehicle charging infrastructure also has the potential to receive rate base approval in select states.
Natural Gas Transmission and Distribution
The outlook for the natural gas transmission and distribution contractors is very strong. Demand for natural gas has increased in electric power generation, industrial use, exports and residential heating. New power generation will primarily come from natural gas or from renewable sources such as wind or solar. The price of natural gas will largely determine the generation direction over the next 20 years.
Natural gas-fired power plants are the primary source of new utility-scale generating capacity today. To accommodate this growth, companies have had to repurpose or reverse existing pipelines and laterals to gas-fired generators, build new pipelines and increase storage infrastructure. Compared to 2017, over 10% more capacity has been put-in-place in 2018 and there are strong expectations for 2019 at current price levels. We expect similar transmission pipeline mileage in 2019 with the current backlog of expected projects.
For the distribution contractor, North American gas local distribution companies continue efforts to remove cast-iron and bare steel in 20 to 30-year replacement programs addressing aging infrastructure. PHMSA oversees almost 2.2 million natural gas main and service miles of which almost 30% is “leak-prone.” Unlike other utility products, the combustible nature of gas does not allow for poor maintenance and inspection practices.
This was felt profoundly in Lawrence, MA when over 40 homes experienced explosions and over 80 homes were damaged in fires as a result. Approximately 60% of the U.S. gas distribution network was built prior to 1970. The most leak-prone distribution pipeline material is cast iron, which still represents approximately 3% of gas mains in the U.S. Bare steel is the second most leak-prone material and represents 4-5% of gas mains in the U.S. Using estimates from the American Gas Association and PHMSA data, the cost to replace leak-prone pipe in the United States is still greater than $300 billion.
Communications Infrastructure
The communication construction segment (up 5% year-over-year) is experiencing similar tailwinds. The emergence of 5G wireless technologies marks the next great shift in telecom infrastructure (i.e., from wireline to fiber). Without the far-reaching densification of deep fiber, “carriers will be unable to support the projected increase in mobile traffic growth by 2021. Multi-year initiatives led by telecom service providers will create fiber installation, small cell deployment, and on-going maintenance contract opportunities for those operators with the requisite fiber construction capabilities. In addition to the new projects, maintenance of existing communication infrastructure has its own challenges.
Early long-haul fiber projects are nearing useful life of the infrastructure and will require maintenance or replacement. The primary limiters to substantial growth are the speed to market of 5G and the engineering requirements that are associated with an increasingly complex network. Major service providers are also struggling to increase capacity to meet customer expectations without increasing cost at a similar rate.
Municipal Water/Wastewater
The water and wastewater segments will play a critical role in stabilizing utility-related construction through the forecast period. FMI Research projects that both segments construction put-in-place, taken together, will grow at an annualized rate of ~4% from 2018 – 2022. While water and wastewater construction spend is not expected to rise to the level of industry highs recorded in 2008, it is expected to come close by the end of the forecast period. Demand in both segments will be driven by the replacement of aging infrastructure, population growth, residential and utility construction, and state and local government spending. In addition, the opportunity for on-going, lower-margin (but less cyclical) maintenance work will grow as additional capacity is installed. This segment accounted for ~$14 billion in revenues during 2017 (not accounted for in the FMI forecast).
Reliability risks associated with aging water and sewer pipeline infrastructure are exacerbated by neglect. State and local governments facing severe budget deficits (as a result of decreasing property tax revenues) were forced to choose between competing objectives of affordability or quality. In order to stay afloat, municipal water utilities chose to allocate their limited funds toward maintaining the status quo—delaying the inevitable capital-intensive replacement of at-risk infrastructure. The American Water Works Association’s (the “AWWA”) cites the renewal and replacement of water infrastructure as the most important issue faced by the water industry.
Its findings suggest that vast majority of underground water pipelines in the US are either nearing or have already surpassed their useful life and that over $1 trillion in investment will be needed through 2035 to adequately address the current state of the country’s water-related infrastructure.
In the US, small, municipal water utilities are largely responsible for all costs tied to the maintenance of our water and sewer infrastructure (less than 1% of funding comes from federal sources). This remains problematic given that less than one third of water utilities can cover maintenance costs despite accelerating usage rates from population growth. Federal funding to water and wastewater industry has varied historically and, ultimately, failed to keep pace with the level of assistance that has been needed. The newly-passed Water Infrastructure Act of 2018 provides some much-needed federal support in the near-term.
The new law authorizes $3.7 billion for new Army Corps of Engineers projects and $4.4 billion for drinking-water projects. It also reauthorizes the Water Infrastructure Finance and Innovation Act (the “WIFIA”) at $50 million and the Drinking Water State Revolving Fund (“DWSR”) at ~$4.4 billion. These funds can be utilized for loans, loan guarantees, bond insurance, and project refinancing. While this is certainly a positive development, a significant influx of capital is needed for local water utilities to ensure safe water for their customers.
The Utility & Communications Construction Index (“UCC Index”) presented below presents the stock performance of the sector’s publicly traded stocks over the past year (Figure 1) and the past five years (Figure 2). The 1 Year UCC Index performance is poor relative to the performance of the S&P 500. Part of this is the expectations for an infrastructure package at this time last year. Another component is the lag in the communication construction expectations related to broadband infrastructure. The results are depressed stock prices. However, the companies in the UCCI have bene very bullish on themselves. Multiple members of the index have initiated stock buyback programs over this time period and have aggressively acquired stock they believe to be undervalued. Quanta Services, Mastec, Dycom, MYR Group, Aegion and Matrix Services have all implemented a buyback program.
Figure 1: 1 Year UCC Index
Source: FMI Research, S&P Capital IQ; as of December 8, 2018
The UCC Index is significantly more volatile than the S&P 500 and you can see the impact that oil prices have on the UCC companies. From March of 2014 through the end of the year, the UCCI tracked closely with the price of oil. Similarly, since the WTI Crude high in October, the UCCI has declined in similar fashion to oil prices.
Figure 2: 5 Year UCC Index
Source: FMI Research, S&P Capital IQ; as of December 8, 2018
Figure 3: UCC Index Companies’ Operating Performance & Valuation Metrics
Source: S&P Capital IQ, data as of December 8, 2018; all data is TTM.
As we look at performance across the UCC Index, the companies seeing the most improvement have connections to materials and the communication segment. The segment has faired very well over the past two years with average revenue growth of approximately 9.2%. Interestingly, the companies have maintained an average EBITDA margin over 10% during that time frame, even with the revenue growth.
Figure 4: Recent Deal Activity
| Announced | Target | Acquirer | Business Description |
| Nov. 2018 | Linetec Services | Centuri Construction | Power T&D |
| Nov. 2018 | White Construction | Congruex | Communication Services |
| Oct. 2018 | MWH Constructors | Oaktree Capital | Water & Energy Construction |
| Oct. 2018 | Southern Diversified Technologies | Unitek Global | Communication Services |
| Oct. 2018 | Loenbro | Tailwind Capital Group | O&G Field Services |
2018 could be termed the year of acquisition based upon the volume of activity and the number of new entrants into the underground market. The fourth quarter of 2018 was no different in this regard. The acquisition of Linetec Services by Centuri Construction is a notable entry into the power segment and a diversification away from the gas distribution core of their business.
MWH Constructors is also a major transaction due to the impact that it could have on utility contractors. MWH was internationally ranked as the No. 1 contractor in wastewater treatment and the No. 3 contractor in sewer and waste by Engineering News-Record. Current large-scale project work is being constructed by MWH around the country. On the other end of the spectrum Dixie Electric filed for bankruptcy in November of 2018 under Chapter 11.
2019 M&A will likely continue at a robust pace due to the growth plans of some of the new entrants into the construction market. Companies that are private equity backed such as Peak Utility Services, Powerteam Services, W.A. Chester or Hylan all have growth plans that include acquisition. Continued consolidation will increase competitiveness in populated markets and increase the capital availability of the contractors as well.
